“borrower deduction means—

• “(a) a deduction from a borrower's salary or wages in accordance with section 39:

• “(b) the amount of a standard deduction that exceeds the borrower's loan balance”.

“110 Repayment obligations of overseas-based borrowers

• “(1) This section applies to an overseas-based borrower who—

  • “(a) is not or is no longer entitled to a repayment holiday under section 107B or 108A(2); and

  • “(b) has not had his or her overseas-based repayment obligation reassessed under section 115A.

  “(2) The borrower's repayment obligation for every full tax year during which this section applies to the borrower is—

  • “(a) $1,000, if the relevant loan balance is less than or equal to $15,000:

  • “(b) $2,000, if the relevant loan balance is more than $15,000 but less than or equal to $30,000:

  • “(c) $3,000, if the relevant loan balance is more than $30,000 but less than or equal to $45,000:

  • “(d) $4,000, if the relevant loan balance is more than $45,000 but less than or equal to $60,000:

  • “(e) $5,000, if the relevant loan balance is more than $60,000.

  “(3) The borrower's repayment obligation for any portion of a tax year (being less than a full tax year) during which this section applies to the borrower must be calculated in accordance with the following formula:

  x		×		y
  365

  where—

  x

  is the number of days in the tax year during which this section applies to the borrower

  y

  is the amount that would apply under subsection (2) if this section applied to the borrower for the full tax year.

  “(4) In this section—

  “existing borrower means a borrower who was overseas-based on 31 March 2014 and has been continuously overseas-based since that date

  “relevant loan balance means the borrower's consolidated loan balance on the start date or, if the borrower's consolidated loan balance increases, the greatest balance on any 31 March after the start date but before the last day of the tax year

  “start date means,—

  • “(a) for an existing borrower, 31 March 2014:

  • “(b) for any other borrower, the day when the borrower becomes overseas-based.

  “Compare: 1992 No 141 s 34”.

“141A Late payment interest reduced if deduction or extraction notice applies

• “(1) This section applies if—

  • “(a) a borrower is liable to pay late payment interest on an unpaid amount under section 139; and

  • “(b) the Commissioner has exercised powers available under section 157 of the Tax Administration Act 1994 to require any person to deduct or extract any amount from any moneys payable by that person to the borrower.

  “(2) For a month during which any unpaid amount remains unpaid and the Commissioner has received tax withheld or deducted in accordance with the requirements of a notice issued under section 157 of the Tax Administration Act 1994 (a deduction or extraction notice), any late payment interest that the borrower is liable to pay on the unpaid amount must be calculated as if, in the definition of late payment interest rate in section 139(3), the reference to base interest rate plus 4% were a reference to base interest rate plus 2%.

  “(3) However, subsection (2) applies only to the days in a month during which a deduction or extraction notice is in effect.”

“162A Offence for default of overseas-based repayment obligation

• “(1) Every person commits an offence who is in default of his or her overseas-based repayment obligation and who, having been notified by the Commissioner that he or she is in default, knowingly fails, or refuses, by the due date specified in the notification to make reasonable efforts to pay the amount in default or to make arrangements with the Inland Revenue Department to pay the amount in default.

  “(2) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $2,000.

  “Compare: 1994 No 166 ss 143A, 143B

“162B Arrest of liable person

• “(1) A District Court Judge or, if a District Court Judge is not available and the case appears to be urgent, a Registrar may, on an application in writing by the Commissioner, issue a warrant for the arrest of a person (the liable person) if the Judge or Registrar (as the case may be) is satisfied that the person has committed the offence in section 162A and is about to leave or attempt to leave New Zealand.

  “(2) The liable person must be brought as soon as possible before a District Court, which, if it is satisfied that the person is about to leave or attempt to leave New Zealand without making reasonable efforts to pay the amount in default or without making arrangements with the Inland Revenue Department to pay the amount in default, may order that the liable person—

  • “(a) pay the amount in default:

  • “(b) make arrangements with the Inland Revenue Department to pay the amount in default:

  • “(c) give such security (including the provision of sureties) for the payment of that liability as the court specifies:

  • “(d) not leave New Zealand without the written permission of the court:

  • “(e) surrender to the court, for such period as the court specifies, any travel documents or tickets in the person's possession:

  • “(f) provide the court, within such period as the court specifies, with any information the court thinks appropriate.

  “(3) To avoid doubt, the court may make an order under subsection (2) even if the Commissioner is able to recover the debt by other means.

  “(4) On making an order under subsection (2)(d) or (e), the court may direct the Registrar to give notice of the order to such departments of State, offices, or persons as the court or the Registrar thinks appropriate.

  “(5) Every person commits an offence and is liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or to a fine not exceeding $2,000 who—

  • “(a) is a person against whom an order is in force under subsection (2)(d) or (e); and

  • “(b) is in default of his or her overseas-based repayment obligation; and

  • “(c) either—

    • “(i) leaves New Zealand; or

    • “(ii) attempts, or does any act with the intent, to leave New Zealand.

  “(6) A person against whom an order under subsection (2) is in force may apply to the court for the discharge of the order, and the court may, if it considers it just or appropriate, discharge the order accordingly.

  “(7) If the court discharges an order made under subsection (2)(e), it must direct the return of any travel documents or tickets surrendered pursuant to the order (unless the court grants a new order under subsection (2)(e) in relation to the same documents).

  “Compare: 1991 No 142 s 199”.

• “(2) For the purpose of verifying the borrower's address details, the Commissioner may receive the borrower's address details from any other person if the information is shared in accordance with any other provision of this Act or any other enactment.”

• “(ba) an authorised person from disclosing to another authorised person any information for the purpose of verifying any declaration made by an applicant for a student loan as to any unpaid amounts owed by the applicant where the declaration is a condition of obtaining the loan; or”.

“8 Borrowers who are shareholders in close companies

• “(1) This clause applies to a borrower who is a major shareholder in a close company on the last day of the company’s income year.

  “(2) The borrower's adjusted net income for the income year includes an amount calculated using the following formula, if the amount is greater than zero,—

  a × (b – c)

  where—

  a

  is the voting interest (in percentage) in the company held by the borrower on the last day of the company's income year

  b

  is the net income of the company for the company's income year

  c

  is the total dividends paid by the company for the company's income year.

• “b is the greater of zero and the total of amounts calculated in accordance with subclause (4) for each company in which the trustee of the borrower's trust and associated persons hold voting interests of 50% or more on the last day of the company’s income year”.

• “(4) The amount referred to in item b of the formula in subclause (3) is to be calculated for each company using the following formula:

  x × (y – z)

  where—

  x

  is the total of the voting interests (in percentage) held by the trustee on the last day of the company’s income year

  y

  is the net income of the company for the company's income year

  z

  is the total dividends paid by the company for the company's income year.

• “(a) a borrower is an employee of a company in which the borrower and associated persons hold voting interests of 50% or more on the last day of the income year; and”.

“12A Income from employment benefits

• “(1) This clause applies to a borrower to whom clause 12 does not apply if the borrower's employer makes a motor vehicle or a short term charge facility available to the borrower in the income year.

  “(2) If the borrower's employer makes a motor vehicle available for the borrower’s private use (the benefit) and, under the terms of the borrower’s employment, the borrower would be entitled to a greater amount of employment income if the borrower chose not to receive the benefit, the borrower's adjusted net income for that income year includes an amount equal to the amount by which the borrower's employment income would be greater without the benefit.

  “(3) If the borrower's employer makes any short term charge facility available to the borrower (the facility), and the total value for the income year of any such facilities (excluding any fringe benefit tax) is more than the lesser of $1,200 or 5% of the borrower's salary or wages, then the borrower's adjusted net income for the income year includes the total value of the facilities including any fringe benefit tax.”

• “(d) a company in which a trustee referred to in paragraph (c) and associated persons hold a voting interest of 50% or more on the last day of the income year.”